Iranian foreign policy on the 35 anniversary of the islamic. Firstly, it illustrates how elements of iran s shia identity are utilized to help provide a justification for its strategic. Iranian foreign policy since the iranian islamic revolution. Opinions on this subject are determined on the one hand by mistrust of an islamic regime and fear of religious fundamentalism and on the other by surprise at the pragmatism of iranian foreign policy. Mar 31, 2014 taken together, iran and syria became the focal points of russias mideast policy after the beginning of the arab spring events. Prospects for change and continuity find, read and cite all the research you need on.
The purpose of this research is to analyze the current situation of iran and to present possible scenarios that may happen. The direction of iran s foreign policy is hardly consistent. Iran foreign policy would be after the nuclear deal. Walter posch the third world, global islam and pragmatism. T here are two approaches that can be taken towards understanding the foreign policy iran conducts toward the middle east region. A minority view in iran calls for a reconciliation with iraq. Pdf this article is to explain the policies that have been undertaken by government of iran in foreign affairs since islamic revolution 1979 find, read and. A careful reading of iran s actions in the region shows how and why iran has shifted its policies to meet the latter aim. Iran has helped establish some groups, such as lebanese hezbollah and various iraqi shia factions, and subsequently provided.
Strategic narratives and iranian foreign policy into the. This paper is based on a small section of an ongoing research on iranian foreign policy after the islamic revolution of 1979. Pdf foreign policy of iran after islamic revolution. The lowy institute for international policy is an independent policy think tank. Five years before the eruption of the iranian revolution, i asked a similar question at the conclusion of a twovolume study of iran s foreign policy from 15001973, when iran had been ruled by monarchical dynasties from the safavids to the pahlavis in modern history. Prospects for change in iranian foreign policy carnegie. Iranian foreign policy is rooted in these widely held sentiments. Iranian supreme leader ali khameneis address to graduates of the iranian naval academy, 9 september 2018. Today, the policy that the front of arroganceheaded by the oppressive and cruel united states has adopted is a malicious policy.
The resolution to the chronically unstable situation in the region requires a far more comprehensive solution that can base on solid foundations, and this paper does not aim to explore such solutions, rather it will focus on what to expect in iranian foreign policy after the nuclear deal. A paradoxical combination of pride in iranian culture and a sense of victimization have created a fierce sense of independence and a culture of resistance to dictation and domination by any foreign power among the iranian people. The islamic republic of iran is a selfprofessed revolutionary state. Geography is a very significant factor in informing iran s foreign policy. Iran employs a number of different methods and mechanisms to implement its foreign policy. Iranian selfimage in terms of national security and being a great power can be summed up in article 152 of its constitution. Chapter two fundamental sources of iranian foreign and. Hook before the house foreign affairs subcommittee on middle east, north africa, hearing on u. The period from 2011 until the present day marks the new era of russias mideast foreign policy, which may possibly be russias most important epoch pertaining to this region. The geopolitical factor in irans foreign policy middle. However, the fundamental sources and security institutions described earlier shape both its direction and its application. Foreign policy and the future of democracy in iran.
Rather, irans regional, international and even nuclear policies are driven by a combination of ambition and fear. University of the witwatersrand iran foreign policy determinants of iranian foreign policy formulation nhlakanipho macmillan zikalala 3272018 wits international relations assignment 1 introduction there is general consensus on the literature indicating that state behaviour in the international system can be understood using a state level theory. Further, iran s 1979 revolution has not ended,1 and over the past thirty years iran s foreign policy has been a primary battleground for the ruling elites of iran to assert their vision of. Iran s policy motivators irans foreign and defense policies are products of overlapping, and sometimes contradictory, motivations. It would certainly be true to say that tehrans foreign policy is not only formulated and conducted by. Pdf on sep 14, 2018, vali golmohammadi published the foreign policy of the islamic republic of iran. It is difficult to assess the relationship between public opinion and iranian foreign policy. The geopolitical factor in irans foreign policy belfer. Iran will have to remove twothirds of its centrifuges. Iran s policy, orientation and treatment of foreign policy have been influenced by the ideas of national identity. Jan 29, 2009 the 1979 islamic revolution of iran is no exception.
Iran employs a number of different national security policy tools, including traditional diplomacy and the public promotion of iran s values and interests. Roots of iranian foreign policy in the new iraq, middle east policy, vol. Foreign policy and the future of democracy in iran l 45 oblivious and at times indignant to these democratic pressures. This thesis seeks to analyze iranian foreign policy towards israel using the theory of discourse proposed by laclau and mufee and with. Biden was expected to revive the nuclear deal quicklybut as pro iran militias attack u. Again, in the khatami period the iranian foreign policy makers inclined to have conciliation on the nu clear energy issue. Foreign policy and the future of democracy in iran l 43 on the other hand, optimists see an utterly isolated, incompetent regime on the verge of immediate collapse.
Politics and future studies, edited by mojtaba maghsoudi, 117165. From 2010 until 2016, iran s foreign policy focused on attempting to mitigate the effects of international sanctions on iran. Nevertheless, their overall influence on irans foreign policy has declined. How might iran, the state machinery and to adequately tap into its role in the behavior. Examining iranian foreign policy, with a focus on the years since 2001, this book analyses the defining feature of iran s international and regional posture, its strategic loneliness, and the implications of this for the islamic republics foreign policy. From 2010 until 2016, irans foreign policy focused on attempting to. Iran s foreign policy since its 1979 islamic revolution has been shaped by ayatollah ruhollah khomeinis ideology and islamic solidarity, and strongly in. For instance, the idea that iran had a global responsibility toward muslims, and that faith would bring victory, was based on. Pdf foreign policy of iran after islamic revolution researchgate. Support to allied regimes and groups and use of terrorism iran uses support for armed factions as an instrument of policy. The majority of scholars who have studied iranian foreign policy since 1979 do not describe that record of behavior as sectarian, meaning primarily aimed at advancing a proshia agenda. In recent years, protesters have expressed opposition to the use of iran s financial resources for regional interventions rather than to improve domestic.
Islamic republic of irans strategic culture and national. Taken to maintain foreign policy since such a nuclear dispute through iranian foreign policy or diplomatic history, but will not passed this stage in lebanon. As the heady days of revolution became a distant memory, other concerns rose to the fore. Firstly, it illustrates how elements of iran s shia identity are. In describing the tension between some of these motivations, one expert has said that iran faces constant decisions about whether it is a nation or a cause. Iranian foreign policy system, saying it is neither clear how responsibilites are allocated nor what influence the institutions in question have on this policy field. Revolutionary foreign policy in the iranian constitution and its consequenceswherever the iranian constitution refers to foreign policy, the emphasis is always on the revolutionary aspects of the state ideology. Since the revolution, iran s leaders have faced the challenge of balancing their ideological idealism and geopolitical pragmatism approaches to foreign policy. The west, however, did not make any compromise to iran at all, and the iranian. The foreign policy of the islamic republic of iran is based upon the rejection of all forms of domination, both the exertion of it and submission to it, the preservation of the independence of the country in all. This deal cuts off iran s ability to pursue a nuclear weapon through uranium enrichment.
Iranian foreign policy on the 35 anniversary of the. Iran s postrevolutionary history is often presented as a continuous struggle between idealists and pragmatists. Constructivism, national identity and foreign policy of. Iranians value the influence that their ancient religion, zoroastrianism, has had on judaism, christianity, and islam. Dec 08, 2017 iranian foreign policy since 2001 offers an indepth analysis of the key drivers behind iran s foreign policy. Most notably, iran remains firmly supportive of the assad regime in syria. Russias foreign policy decisions on nuclear iran, this paper also aims to contribute to a better understanding of the dynamics of current foreign policy of the russian federation i begin with an overview of the existing explanations of russias foreign policy toward iran stressing russias geopolitical and economic considerations. Iranian foreign policy since 2001 offers an indepth analysis of the key drivers behind iran s foreign policy. Fundamental sources of iranian foreign and security policies 9 although necessity and foreign policy blunders account for part of iran s deemphasis of political islam, much of the explanation for this shift lies in domestic politics. This article employs fpa to examine the saudi iranian relationship in order to prove that the rivalry is motivated by issues of power, identity, and domestic politics. Irans foreign policy is the product of many, and sometimes competing, factors.
The foreign relations of iran are the economic and diplomatic relationships between the iranian government and governments of other countries. Irans multifaceted foreign policy council on foreign relations. May 10, 2018 the iranian supreme leader, ayatollah ali khamenei, has repeatedly stated that the time of hit and run is over, which means that if matters escalate, any strike on iran will be followed by. In the past, ideology played a significant role as a driver of foreign policy. Irans foreign policy and nuclear programme stiftung. They have defined their interests in causing instability throughout. Impact on foreign policy iran s foreign policy is too complex for simple description and prediction.
National identity of the islamic republic of iran is the conception of this country from itself based on realization and conception of other countries from it. In addition, the authors examine iran s relations with key countries and regions, including its often tenuous relations with china, russia and america, as well as its bilateral relations with. Iran s leaders have long emphasized panislamic ideals and courted sunni allies. Taken to maintain foreign policy since such a nuclear dispute through iranian foreign policy or diplomatic history. Understanding iranian foreign policy middle east institute. The analysis of the role of shia identity in iranian foreign policy looks at two broad aspects. Irans foreign and defense policies federation of american.
The islamic revolution of 1979 was more than anything else an attempt by the iranian. The principles and practice of irans postrevolutionary. Five years before the eruption of the iranian revolution, i asked a similar question at the conclusion of a twovolume study of iran s foreign policy from 15001973, when iran had been ruled by monarchical dynasties from the safavids to the pahlavis in modern history since the revolution destroyed the ancient monarchical polity, one. Iran s foreign policy objectives as well as actions undertaken by iranian authorities. Pdf the foreign policy of the islamic republic of iran. The west, however, did not make any compromise to iran at all, and the iranian nuclear works were suspended for two years. Apr 20, 2012 understanding iran s foreign policy is the key to crafting sensible and effective policies toward iran and requires, above all, a close analysis of the profound cultural and psychological contexts of iranian foreign policy behavior. Iranian foreign policy i ran s foreign policy has been shifting to meet its regional and global environment, as well as domestic dynamics. Following the 1979 iranian revolution, the newly formed islamic republic, under the leadership of ayatollah khomeini, dramatically reversed the proamerican foreign policy of the last shah of iran mohammad reza pahlavi. Constructivism, national identity and foreign policy of the. Ideologizing and fundamentalism in iranian foreign policy.
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